Improving High Levels Of Performance - 1529 Words

According to Zain and Hassan (2007); and Drucker (1985), large enterprises like International Business Machines, Apple, Sony, Hewlett Packard and Microsoft have been able to sustain high levels of performance by behaving entrepreneurially. According to Pinchot (1985) the term refers to the development of internal markets and relatively small and independent units designed to create internal ventures and expand innovative staff services, technologies and methods within a large organization. Selecting an appropriate basis for defining BE and understanding its process is a real challenge for researchers due to the absence of a universally accepted definition of BE (Kuratko 2009). Based on the literature, the main elements of BE definitions†¦show more content†¦Conceptual model of entrepreneurial orientation performance relationship posits that the five dimensions: innovativeness, risk taking, pro-activeness, competitive aggressiveness and autonomyaffect organizational performan ce (Lumpkin and Dess 1996). For the purpose of this study we will be focusing on this dimension as basis for business entrepreneurship performanceamongSME’s. 2.3. ENTREPRENEURIAL INNOVATIVENESS AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE 2.3.1 Strategic Renewal and Organizational Performance Researchers seeking perspectives to enhancing performance and sustained survival of organizations have extensively in literature discussed strategic management. Ramiretz and Wallin, (2000) defined strategic renewal as the core which involves the transformation of organization capabilities that can reposition the firm in terms of its market or product mix which ultimately develops new markets or industries. This definition convey the fact that strategic renewal is an action aimed at examining critically all aspects of work (technology, structure, product, human resource) with a view to reaching strategic decisions that will assist in repositioning the organization. Ahlstrand and Lampel, (1998) in theirShow MoreRelatedPhilips Improvement to Job Analysis and Design1531 Words   |  6 Pagesorganizations, since poor job analysis and design result in poor job performances of employees and organizational performances. This essay is based on Philips’ changes in its workplace design in a factory. In the past, the factor’s old operation line had generated poor employee and organizational performance such as low morale of employees, high rate of turnover, and poor quality control. While redesign its operation line, Philips has gained a high productive workforce, such as building self-management teamsRead MoreLeveraging Labor Relations1366 Words   |  6 Pagesidea for most companies. This is because some of them already have large sums of money borrowed from banks, and most banks prefer not to increase these amounts. In addition to this, interest rates determine the increase of the investments made in improving health care services. Another strategy that company can use in order to improve the health care services they provide to their employees is represented by better negotiations between these companies and health care services providers. These providersRead MoreMountain High Bike Is A Company881 Words   |  4 PagesMountain High Bike is a company that sells directly to bike shops. Their mission is building high-quality, reliable bikes at comparative prices. They want to continuously improve the functionality, reliability, and quality of bikes. . While considering a balanced scorecard, there are several steps involved in implementing. Mountain High Bike also should consider four perspectives of the balanced scorecard and the strategic and discuss the pros and cons of the balanced scorecard There several stepsRead MoreThe Performance Management System at Luminex Organization697 Words   |  3 PagesExecutive Summary The Performance Management (PM) system refers to the organization activity to ensure that employees work is aligned with the company strategic objectives, vision and the goals are met consistently and efficiently. Performance appraisals and awards systems are tools of PM that can improve the work performance of employees by helping them realize their full potentials in carrying out their organization mission; ensure that employees understand what is expected from them, andRead MoreHigh Levels Of Teacher Turnover Negatively Affects Student Achievement1596 Words   |  7 PagesIntroductory Statement: According to studies like those done by the Harvard Report, research has shown that high levels of teacher turnover negatively affects student achievement. There are additional studies like those done by the Teachers College Record, that indicate low teacher retention rates are often caused by poor working conditions within high-poverty schools. A school’s leadership, culture, and relationships within the school all affect working conditions and teacher satisfaction, whichRead MoreManaging Oneself796 Words   |  4 Pagesan effective tool for improving performance. Feedback analysis has three steps for improving performance: concentrate on your strengths, work on improving your strengths, and to discover and improve your weakness. In the first step, one should concentrate on placing themselves in a position where their strengths can produce results. In the second step, the feedback analysis will show where one needs to improve skills or gain new ones, therefore one should w ork on improving their strengths. In theRead MoreComparison of Two Companies and Their Approach to Staff Motivation818 Words   |  3 Pagesand employee development that enables the organisation to provide quality services to its customer. Team brief is the one of the approached used for enabling and improving upward and downward communication through MS. work recognition also provided by the company where employees performed well and are given work recognition reward. High promotion is offered by MS and encourages employees to perform well above. The company don’t have monetary but a lot recognition such if employees performed beyondRead MoreEffective Communication Is Appropriate For An Organization1280 Words   |  6 Pagesrecommendations to support improved performance of high quality professional roles and responsibilities (Soltani Maupetit, 2013). Such expectations are appropriate in improving the ability of the firm’s leaders to expand the assurance practice. The organization should also create a panel to recommend the firm’s leadership to support a positive and importance message to enhance performance. The communication of the strategy is an important aspect to enhance performance. The strategies can be communicatedRead MoreThe Concepts And Concerns About Performance Management1274 Words   |  6 Pagestheoretical concepts and concerns about performance management. Its definition, essences and principles also purposes will be explained. 2.4. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 2.4.1. Definition Many scholars have defined performance management, as it is aforementioned, the concepts itself are ambiguous and being used interchangeably with other term. The definition of performance management may be deduced from the definitions of performance and management. Performance defined as the potential for future successfulRead MoreThe Importance Of Teacher Quality And Promote Learning1728 Words   |  7 PagesEnvironment, Instruction, and Professional Responsibilities. Within each of the 4 domains, there are descriptive elements exemplifying the characteristics of the domain. Teacher quality is an important factor in maintaining excellence in educational performance within school districts. Therefore, districts must determine an effective and efficient way of evaluating new teachers and career teachers in order to provide teachers with a fair and valid summation of teaching responsibilities. Utilizing this

Criminal Punishment And The Criminal Justice System

Few decisions in the criminal justice system apply as much influence over the life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness of criminal offenders as the final sentencing decision. Judges have an extensive range of sentencing options. These options range from fines, restitution, and probation to incarceration in jail or prison. For much of the 20th century, criminal sentencing practices remained largely unchanged in the United States. Over the past few decades, we have witnessed a practical revolution in criminal punishment processes. A number of different sentencing reforms have been recently expanded, resulting in a mix of different legal approaches to sentencing in the United States today. I will begin with a brief overview of sentencing†¦show more content†¦Lastly, rehabilitation is a philosophy of punishment that stresses individual offender reform. According to this perception, the purpose of this punishment should be to address the fundamental causes of crime in order to reduce future offending. In practice, these various sentencing foundations often coincide, throughout history major changes in sentencing have often followed model changes in major philosophies of punishment. During colonial times, criminal sentencing in America was initially based on retribution and then later on deterrence (Walker, 1998). By the late 1800s, however, sentencing in America had become carefully conquered by rehabilitation. The goal of criminal punishment was to reform the offender by shifting the basic causes of crime. In order to accomplish this, criminal sentences had to be necessarily flexible to be separately reformed to the sole needs of particular offenders. This led to a system of punishment known as â€Å"indeterminate sentencing.† Sentences often consisted of wide ranges of minimum and maximum terms that could spring from a single day to a lifetime in prison. These far-reaching sentences provided maximum flexibility for determining when an offender was therefore ready to be released back into society. Judges would determine the ranges of punishment, and then release their decisions to be made by prison authorities or parole boards. Such authorities would exercise considerable discretion inShow MoreRelatedPunishment And The Criminal Justice System1776 Words   |  8 PagesIf we accept that punishment is justified in certain circumstances, then, ideally, it should only be incurred by individuals whose actions warrant punishment. I think, at least amongst civilised society, this opinion cannot be disputed. The difficult question is not whether punishment should be deserved, but when punishment should be deserved. The quotation above suggests that in order to be worthy of punishment, the defendant must have consciously chosen to have committed the wrong of which he orRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The Criminal Justice System1407 Words   |  6 PagesIn the United States, capital punishment has always been the spotlight of many debates concerning the consequences of severe crimes. A lthough capital punishment is deemed to be acceptable for violent crimes such as murder, there are numerous individuals who oppose the usage of capital punishment against violent offenders. Both proponents and opponents have given countless opinions concerning the deterrence effect of capital punishment. Research studies have also added fuel to the debate in regardsRead MorePunishment Of A Crime And Criminal Justice System994 Words   |  4 Pages The history of punishment in America has had multiple changes in order for the rules and regulations to adapt to societies changing ways. The most common punishment is jail time or imprisonment, however in this date and age time punishment is not the only option to punish a criminal of the society, probation, parole, house arrest and even being put in solitary confinement, or worse the death penalty are options. With this in mind we must as a society and criminal justice system be able to applyRead MoreJuvenile Justice System Is Not The Punishment Of The Criminals3535 Words   |  15 Pagesany community cursed with crime is not the punishment of the criminals, but the preventing of the young from being trained to crime† (Du Bois, 1903). Though W.E.B. Du Bois wrote this quote well over a century ago, it still reflects the truth we hold today. This is especially apparent when we examine the intent of the modern juvenile justice system. The juvenile justice system operates under a system referred to as juvenile court. Although this system was developed in Cook County, Illinois in theRead MoreUtilitarian Theory of Punishment in the Criminal Justice System763 Words   |  4 PagesThere is an ongoing problem in our society regarding punishment and responsibility. We, as a society, tend to look away when it comes to how criminals are being punished and maybe we should be paying more attention. Violence seems to be an integral part of our society, some raise their children with violence, we watch it on television, read it in newspapers and books and now we are even playing violent video games. When it comes to the judicial system the majority of citizens do not even know how individualsRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System Has Over Time Implemented And Changed The Means Of Sentencing And Punishment Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesOur criminal justice system has over time implemented and changed the means of sentencing an d punishment for crimes. In the United States plea deals are accountable for 90% of criminal cases. A plea deal is an agreement between prosecutor and defendant in whom the defendant accepts a guilty plea to a charge and in return receives some type of concession from the prosecution. As we have moved forward in the judicial system and now have the ability to look back on previous cases, plea deals have becomeRead MoreThe Doctrinal Design Has Been Used To Study The Jurisprudential1425 Words   |  6 Pagesis the status of child witnesses in the Criminal Justice system? 1.6 Chapterization Scheme:It should in sentence format CHAPTER NAME CONTENTS 1. Introduction Witness assumes additional significance in adversarial system of criminal justice where the onus of proving the case lies on the prosecution and the witness of prosecution becomes important in the pursuit of exploring the truth. 2. Criminal Justice System in India Our adversarial criminal justice system aims at reducing the level of criminalityRead MoreCrime System And Criminal Justice System Essay1399 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: The criminal justice system has evolved on the decades. From initially being constituted by the victim to eventually becoming constituted by written laws. There have been several changes made within the justice system, so in the following I will discuss my perspectives of the researched information and the noted changes of a system that was created by the people for the people. Topic I – Victim Justice System vs. Criminal Justice System A. Responsibilities of the victim’s past/presentRead MoreImplementing An Effective Punishment For An Offender1653 Words   |  7 PagesAchieving justice for all and providing appropriate punishment to fit all crimes is a prominent issue within the criminal justice system. In considering an effective punishment for an offender, the law must be mindful of both the moral and legal rights of a number of parties, including the society, the offender, and the victim, in order to achieve true justice for all (Warren 2005) - a process proving controversial and almost impossible in many cases. Whilst aiming to provide a system in which citizensRead MoreCriminal Justice Systems Paper1153 Words   |  5 PagesCriminal Justice System Paper The criminal justice system and the criminal justice process has shaped the laws of this country into what they are today from the concerns of politicians and government leaders as far back as the 1800s with crime control. Basically, the criminal justice system was designed to ensure the safety of individuals whom are citizens of this country. Essentially, the criminal justice system is â€Å"the structural basis used to maintain social control† (Education Decisions

The Secret Circle The Hunt Chapter 23 Free Essays

â€Å"If we don’t initiate Scarlett into the Circle,† Adam said, â€Å"we’ll be much weaker when we’re fighting the hunters.† The rain continued pouring down in sheets. Cassie watched it through the large bay window in Diana’s living room. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Hunt Chapter 23 or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was better than staring down at the magenta ink of Scarlett’s name on Suzan’s family tree. â€Å"We have to initiate her,† Melanie said. â€Å"Nothing matters more than defeating the hunters, especially after what they did to Suzan.† â€Å"But we know she has ulterior motives and can’t be trusted,† Nick said. â€Å"Remember, she wanted Cassie’s place in the Circle so she could use our Circle’s power for her own agenda. She’d be as bad as initiating Black John himself.† Melanie scoffed at Nick. â€Å"That’s an overstatement if I’ve ever heard one.† Cassie wanted this conversation to stop. The sky outside had settled to a deep purple and the clouds rolled and shifted in ever-changing shapes. Cassie saw a heart and then a castle, and then nothing, just a sheet of gray. Her mind wandered and an image flashed into view: herself back at the Mission House on the brink of killing Scarlett. But this time she’d gone through with it. She completed the killing spell and Scarlett’s eyes had glassed over the way Suzan’s had up on the roof, and then she stiffened to a lifeless statue. Cassie imagined exactly what it would feel like for Scarlett to be gone forever – how the Circle would be free at last. That’s it, Cassie thought. That was the solution. She would have to kill Scarlett. Then they could take their chances with another lost family member to be next in line for the Circle. But then she shook the idea from her mind. No, she told herself. Send light to that dark thought, and cast it away. Cassie knew she had to fight off every evil intention the moment it appeared now, before it could really get to her and take hold. â€Å"Cassie,† Adam said. â€Å"Are you okay? You’re as pale as a ghost.† â€Å"I’m fine.† But the faintness of Cassie’s voice gave her away. â€Å"See,† Melanie said. â€Å"Even Cassie is weaker now. I told you.† â€Å"I’m not weaker,† Cassie shot back. But Melanie was adamant. â€Å"Yes, you are. We all are.† â€Å"Let’s just see about that.† Chris directed his attention to the bowl of fruit on Diana’s coffee table. â€Å"Who wants to see me levitate an apple?† he asked. But seconds passed and nothing happened. The apple didn’t move, and Chris grew more and more frustrated as the clock continued to tick. Melanie crossed her arms over her chest, looking smug. â€Å"Maybe if we both try,† Doug said, going to his brother’s side. He focused his attention on the fruit as well. With their combined powers, the apple began to shiver. It lifted from the bowl for a brief second, but then it dropped back down. â€Å"Shoot.† Chris was breathless with fatigue. â€Å"We almost had it.† â€Å"Thank you for proving just how powerless we are,† Nick said. He looked worriedly at Cassie. â€Å"We may actually be weaker than we were before you came to town.† Cassie returned her gaze to the window and took a deep breath. It was becoming more and more clear that their only option wasn’t destroying Scarlett. It was going against all logic and asking her to join them. â€Å"We can barely do the simplest everyday magic with an incomplete Circle,† Melanie said. â€Å"Let alone anything strong enough to fight off the hunters. I say we initiate Scarlett, defeat the hunters, and then figure out what to do with her later.† â€Å"What do you mean, ‘figure out what to do with her later’?† Diana narrowed her eyes at Melanie. â€Å"Once she’s initiated, we’re bound to her. You know that. Using her and then betraying her would compromise the integrity of our Circle. Not to mention our self-respect.† That’s probably what Scarlett will do to us, Cassie thought, but saying so would only make things worse. She stood up and took the center of the room. â€Å"There is no good decision to make here,† she said. â€Å"Only a less bad one. As much as I hate to admit this, I think we do need Scarlett.† Nick’s jaw tightened as he ground his teeth. â€Å"I don’t want her as a member,† he said. â€Å"There must be another option.† â€Å"It’s Scarlett or no one,† Adam said, refusing to make eye contact with Nick as he addressed the group. â€Å"We don’t have to trust her, but I think we do have to initiate her. You know what they say about keeping your enemies close. Well, we can’t keep her much closer than in our Circle. At least she’ll be somewhere we can keep an eye on her.† â€Å"Great,† Nick said. â€Å"So we can have a front-row seat as she takes control of us.† â€Å"Now hold on.† Diana raised her arms to quiet both of them. â€Å"There are eleven of us and one Scarlett. What makes you so sure it’ll be that easy for her to take control of us?† â€Å"Yeah,† Sean said. â€Å"One bad seed can’t spoil the bunch, otherwise Faye would have ruined our Circle long ago.† Faye glared at Sean as Diana continued. â€Å"My point is, we know what Scarlett is capable of, so we’re less likely to fall for any of her tricks. And don’t forget, we have the Master Tools back in our possession.† Nick considered Diana’s argument for a few seconds before conceding. â€Å"Fine,† he said. â€Å"If Cassie’s willing to take a chance on Scarlett, then I’m with her.† â€Å"Do we all agree, then?† Adam asked. Nobody spoke out to disagree, which was as close to consensus as they were going to get. â€Å"Good. It’s settled,† Adam said. â€Å"Cassie and I will take care of telling Scarlett the news and bringing her back to New Salem tomorrow.† As the group started to split up and head home for the night, the full impact of the decision sunk in. Had she really agreed to bring the other girl Adam’s soul was connected to back into her life? The girl who had tried to kill her, and whom she had tried to kill? It was like restriking a dulled match just to see what would burn. Cassie reached for Adam’s hand and squeezed it. â€Å"I’ll catch up with you a little later,† she said. â€Å"I want to have a word with Diana.† Adam kissed her on the lips without question, so she didn’t have to explain exactly why she wanted to speak to Diana. She didn’t have to justify her father’s Book of Shadows shoved deep into the bottom of her tote bag. She simply waited for everyone to trickle out of Diana’s house until it was just the two of them. â€Å"I thought you left with Adam,† Diana said, when she realized Cassie had been lingering. â€Å"Can we talk?† Cassie asked. Diana nervously glanced around the living room even though they were alone, perhaps because she thought Cassie was going to ask her about Max. â€Å"Let’s go up to my bedroom,† she said, leading Cassie to the stairs. It had been a long time since Cassie and Diana hung out on Diana’s bed sharing secrets. After only a few moments of sitting there, Cassie was overwhelmed with longing for those simpler times. Before Scarlett had entered their lives, and even further back, before Adam had become an issue between them. Diana huddled close to Cassie and asked, â€Å"Do you think Suzan’s father knew about Laura Forsythe? Or that she’d had a daughter?† â€Å"My guess is he never knew Scarlett existed,† Cassie said. â€Å"But even if he did, it’s ancient history now.† Diana nodded. â€Å"It’s just so strange, how connected we all are, even when we don’t know it. And even when we don’t want to be.† Cassie sensed Diana was referring to more than just their familial lines. â€Å"I get the feeling you’re thinking about Max,† she said. â€Å"And the silver cord.† Diana got quiet and Cassie had the urge to tell her all about the cord between Adam and Scarlett. She wanted to cry about it on Diana’s shoulder until she delivered some typical words of Diana wisdom that would make it all better. Unfortunately, there were more pressing issues to deal with. Cassie dug through her bag until she retrieved her father’s book. She held it out to Diana. â€Å"Will you hold on to this for me? To keep it away from me for a little while?† Diana eyed the book carefully, and then gently accepted it from Cassie’s hands. â€Å"Of course. But why?† Lines of worry creased Diana’s forehead as Cassie described how she had felt on the roof when she used dark magic against the hunters. Cassie also told her what had happened with Scarlett in Stockbridge. â€Å"I went into a trance,† Cassie said. â€Å"And I almost killed Scarlett. I know it’s because of the book. It’s doing things to my mind.† Diana nodded gravely. â€Å"Like Adam said, you’re bound to the book now. And we still don’t fully understand what that means.† â€Å"But the worst part,† Cassie said, â€Å"is that it feels really good when I’m like that. It’s the most seductive pleasure – I can’t even describe it. And it’s only afterward, after I snap out of it, that I feel bad.† Cassie looked down, ashamed. â€Å"Hey.† Diana put her arm around her. â€Å"We’ve all succumbed to temptation at one time or another. Even when we know it can be damaging.† â€Å"But I’m afraid one of these days I’ll take it too far. What if I do something I can’t take back – or worse, what if I can’t get myself back? Every time it happens I feel like I’m going in deeper and deeper.† â€Å"You don’t have to worry,† Diana said. â€Å"I’ll keep the book safe, and together we’ll keep you safe.† Cassie felt better already. If there was anyone on earth who could be trusted with the book, it was Diana. But she still felt the need to give Diana a stern warning. â€Å"You have to let me know if anything out of the ordinary happens, do you understand? If you start feeling strange, or if it seems to be speaking to you.† Diana nodded solemnly. â€Å"If that happens, we’ll find something else to do with it,† Cassie said. â€Å"I don’t want you going through what I have.† â€Å"Neither do I,† Diana said, trying to make light of the heavy situation. â€Å"Trust me. I’ve had my fair share of transgressions lately as it is.† â€Å"And whatever you do,† Cassie said, â€Å"don’t let Faye know you have it. In fact, don’t let anybody know. Not even Adam.† Diana hesitated but then agreed. â€Å"It’ll be our secret.† How to cite The Secret Circle: The Hunt Chapter 23, Essay examples

Testicular Cancer

Question: Analysing the impacts of testicular cancer and examining the causes and symptoms of the disease? Answer: This paper aims at analysing the impacts of testicular cancer and examining the causes and symptoms of the disease. Further, it tends to highlight the burden associated with the area under consideration from an Australian Perspective. By definition, Testicular cancer is most common types of cancer among male between the age group of 15-35. However, the problem of Testicular cancer can arise in men older than 35 years also (Whipple, 2013). Hence, it is required that men take care of their health and consult the physician if symptoms are detected. Studies carried on Testicular cancer reveal that this cancer is mostly observed in young men and the chances of having this cancer are usually very rare. Testicular cancer usually occurs at different stages. In all, there are around four stages of testicular cancer. At the first stage, the cancer is confined to testicles only. At stage two, the cancer is likely to spread in other parts and hence spread to retroperitoneal lymph nodes. This is located rear of the body below the diaphragm and between kidneys. At stage three, the cancer has spread more and targets the remote sites of the body like lungs, kidneys, brains etc. At fourth stage, the patient is likely to die. Studies reveal that men usually detect testicular cancer themselves either while self-examining or by accident. Testis is usually soft and oval-shaped (Krege, 2008). Men who examine themselves frequently can easily detect any changes in their testis. There are no fixed causes of testicular cancer. Although researchers have been trying to find the most potential causes that lead to testicular cancer but there hasnt been any development in the area. Further, testicular cancer is not contagious and doesnt spread from one person to another. Studies reveal that testicular cancer can be common in men whose testicles dont develop normally. Men whose mothers have taken a hormone called DES to prevent miscarriage might also face difficulty with their testis. Besides this, men who might have got some kind of injury to scrotum also develop testicular cancer. There are numerous symptoms that can let men know that they might be suffering from testicular cancer. These can include: a lump is testicle, enlarged testicle, shrinking of testicle, change in consistency of testicle, heaviness in scrotum, pain in lower abdomen, and accumulation of fluid in scrotum, pain in testicle or tenderness of breasts. These are clear symptoms of testicular cancer (Krege, 2008). This kind of cancer puts immense burden on the healthcare system, people and government as a whole. The testicular cancer is estimated to be one of the leading causes of burden of disease among men in Australia. The cases of Testicular cancer have been rising in Australia since the last few years. For the men in Australia, the risk of being diagnosed with testicular cancer by the age of 85 years is 1 to 214. The number of men diagnosed with this cancer has increased by more than 50% in the las t 30 years. The reason for this growth is still not known in Australia, however some of the factors that may increase a mans risk of having this cancer include an abnormal testicle when he was an infant, family history i.e. having a father or sibling who has had suffered from testicular cancer, previous male infertility and Down syndrome. Fortunately, most testicular cancers in Australia are successfully diagnosed and treated well in time (Krege, 2008). The Testicular cancer is estimated to be the reason for over 1000 disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in Australia. In this case, DALYs stand for the years of healthy life lost due to testicular cancer in Australia(Craig, 2009). These years have either been lost through premature deaths or by living with disability due to testicular cancer. Australia has the third highest age standardized incidence rates of Testicular cancer (6.1) around the after New Zealand (7.8) and the United Kingdom (6.3). In many countries including Australia, Testicular cancer is the most commonly identified or diagnosed disease among the men aged between 15-40 years. Since the incidence rate of Testicular cancer has been increasing among men of reproductive age in Australia, the disease has been causing a lot of burden on the people and healthcare system of the continent (Rustin, 2009). Due to this, it has been predicted that the high estrogens levels in the womb might contribute to the development of test icular cancer. The increasing cases of testicular cancer directly link to a strong birth cohort effect. All of this has been resulting in a lot of burden on the people and healthcare system of Australia. On the other hand, there has been a commendable decline in the Testicular cancer mortality rate in Australia in a span of past few years since the healthcare system has been striving hard to devise treatments that could successfully lessen the burden of Testicular cancer (Atkin, 1982). The introduction of advanced chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens, as well as guidelines to help standardise the tumour management has helped a lot in the declination of mortality rate due to testicular cancer in Australia. While an untreated testicular cancer metastasizes and gradually leads to the death of the victim, the advances in treatment in Australia have led to an increase in 5-year survival rates during the span of last 30 years (Rustin, 2007). But a huge burden of testicular cancer still prevails in Australia because the incidence rates of the tumour continue to rise among men in the continent. The reasons for the cancer need to be known as only this could help the healthcare system in the country to devise appropriate techniques and uproot the causes of Testicular cancer. References Whipple, T. (2013). "Male cancer is almost beaten after chance find". The Times. Accessed on 28 Feb, 2015. Krege, S. (2008). "European consensus conference on diagnosis and treatment of germ cell cancer: a report of the second meeting of the European Germ Cell Cancer Consensus group (EGCCCG): part I". European Urology 53 (3): 478496. Craig, R. (2009). "Testicular Cancer: A Prototypic Tumor of Young Adults., Seminars in oncology 36 (5): 432438. doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2009.07.006. PMC 2796329. PMID 19835738. Rustin, G. (2007). "Randomized trial of two or five computed tomography scans in the surveillance of patients with stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis: Medical Research Council Trial TE08; ISRCTN56475197the National Cancer Research Institute Testis Cancer Clinical Studies Group". JCO 25 (11): 13101315. Atkin, C. (1982). "Specific chromosome change, i(12p), in testicular tumours?". Lancet 2 (8311): 1349.

Essay on Technology and Kids Essay Example

Essay on Technology and Kids Essay Gone are those days when people had to travel miles, hike high mountains and sail across rivers to seek a certain truth, information or an art. Technology has brought about the biggest revolution in human history and has miraculously shortened the distances. The point to ponder however is, whether this fast pacing world of internet will benefit our kids and enhance their thinking abilities or not. Humans are blessed with the thinking ability and ever since a child is born, his brain development starts. A fetus starts distinguishing between sounds, as early as 6 months in his mother’s womb. In the world of smartphones and tabs it is almost impossible to keep your child away from the latest technologies and the information, which travels through them. Most parents think there is not much we can do about it and let the kid do whatever he wants to. However, we must understand that we master technology and it is our slave, we should not let it dominate our thinking process. Rather than being brain fed by the technology and its tools, we should try to use our analytical sense and improve our usage. The hard truth, however, is that none of us has enough time to think and ponder about the cost and time that we are spending on technology and how we could have used it into building something productive.in case of children, their brains are young and malleable, they can easily be molded, their thinking can be altered and their directions can be switched by a little influence. The technology that we use determines how our brains function in the long run. In the past, books were most liable source of information and researches show that reading increases concentration level and the ability to be open to learning. Similarly the use of technology improves the ability of scanning through information reaction time. Technology undoubtedly effects the way children think, act, talk, make decisions, form opinions and shapes their general approach towards life. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Technology and Kids specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Technology and Kids specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Technology and Kids specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The effects of technology on children are numerous, that can be both positive and negative. The answer to the question is whether it develops or destroys your child’s thinking process depends upon how and what technology is your child using. Moreover the time span that he spends on technology, also plays a vital role in determining the effects, technology will have on your kid’s behavior and thinking process.

Life Science and the Law essays

Life Science and the Law essays One issue that has been a controversy is the preservation of endangered species. Ever since the 1960's, scientists have been fighting for laws and acts to protect animals and plants in keeping them in good health and their populations high in numbers. The problem is animals and plants are having trouble surviving in today's world which leads them to be classified as endangered or threatened. Endangered, meaning animals or plants with little population that the species could soon become extinct and threatened is less severe and basically just means that they are close to becoming endangered. By species becoming endangered, this affects our habitat's biodiversity. Today, however, human beings are dependent for their food, health, well-being and enjoyment of life on fundamental biological systems and processes. Humans derive all of its food and many medicines and industrial products from the wild and without biological diversity these actions could not take place. Overall, major concern is stressed over this topic not only for species well-being, but for our strength and our environment. The law has a major impact on life sciences. Many acts and laws have been passed and through the years even revised to help benefit the species. The first act is a major act in dealing with this subject .The Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1966 and the Endangered Species Conservation act of 1969 was to demonstrate the stress on trying to protect endangered species. Although they weren't that effective. So on December 28, 1973, Richard M. Nixon signs the Endangered Species Act, which leads to the rise of environmental protection legislation. This law makes it illegal for Americans to import or trade in any product made from an endangered or threatened species unless it is used for an approved scientific purpose or to enhance the survival of the species. Also the endangered species on this list cannot be hunted , killed, collected, or injured i...

Case study ( Ethic and law) for nursing Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

( Ethic and law) for nursing - Case Study Example Sue lied about making observations. Ben, an assistant Nurse, was assigned to carry out a task without supervision from Sue. The assistant was not legally allowed to carry out the intervention without nursing supervision, as he was not yet licensed to practice nursing and was only in his second year. Value-laden terms are terms that indicate positive or negative emphasis, which may then have favourable or unfavourable effects on patients (White & Duncan, 2002). These statements may also refer to good or bad things, which may be evaluated based on the viewpoint of the person acknowledging their existence. In this case study, Emily expressed that her symptoms (hot, nauseated, headache) were still persistent. When consulted about these symptoms, Sue said that the patient was likely just having a cold and that she just needed to rest. The nurse discounted the patient’s symptoms, simply deriding their seriousness. In effect, the terms used by the patient were not given much value, but the value of these terms was already very much significant to the patient. From a nursing perspective, nurses should provide value to the terms used by the patients; they should have either equal or greater value, but never lesser value because this would make the patient feel that she is not bei ng properly cared for (White & Duncan, 2002). Autonomy is based on the principle of independence and self-determination. The principle of autonomy is based on the patient’s right to control his or her care, to make decisions on his or her care and even to decline care (Masters, 2009). Emily’s autonomy was violated when the nurse did not attend to health concerns (nausea, headache and feeling hot), because according to Nurse Sue, she was already old and dying, anyway. Not responding to her request for symptomatic relief meant that the nurse did not support Emily’s autonomy

The Need for Gun Control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Need for Gun Control - Essay Example This is the highest law in America, and any country should be careful before changing its laws, so these arguments need to be addressed. The second amendment to the US Constitution, where the right to bear arms is guaranteed, was written to enable the citizens of the new country to defend themselves against possible attack from England if it sought to retake its recently free colony. Obviously this particular situation n is no longer a worry, and so the very basis for the right to bear arms no longer exists. Another argument for gun control is that once the sales of all guns (except those used by farmers etc.) is banned the number of crimes that use guns will eventually go down. At first, because there are so many guns in existence, this may not occur, but guns are complex tools that need maintenance and replacement on a regular basis. Eventually most of the handguns in existence would become unusable, criminals would not be able to get hold of them and crimes would be committed without the use of a gun. A major reason for gun control is the number of young people and even children who accidentally kill themselves while 'playing' with guns they have gound that belong to their parents but which have not been securely stored. More than a thousand children a year die in this manner. Hundreds of others are killed in violence between children/teenagers that turns deadly because they have access to guns.

Research Methods Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Research Methods - Assignment Example There are two main research methods used in the business field, which are the qualitative and quantitative research methods; their use depends on different scenarios and the type of data that is required. Qualitative research methods are meant to help the researcher in understanding how people make decisions. This is achieved by evaluating the cultural and social contexts that describe the environment in which such people are situated (Myers, 2013). On the other hand, quantitative research was developed from natural sciences in understanding natural phenomena; the research approach uses numbers to represent values in constructing theoretical concepts. Interpreting such numbers is a strong scientific based method of understanding how a process actually works, and allows greater reliability as data collected offers a better trend of relations between two variables (Myers, 2013). This report uses a qualitative and a quantitative article in management to show how each research methodolog y applies in examining relationships between concepts. The report further determines the suitability of each methodology under differing research contexts. Holts (2011) uses a descriptive quantitative approach in determining the necessary behaviours, skills and practices that a pharmaceutical company would require to establish a reliable and effective leadership development program. The research involves collecting data from sales representatives and district managers. The two groups represent multi-level structures in an organization and offer reliable trends in the behaviour of sales persons in the company. Case studies as in Holts case may be said to be, â€Å"an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context† (Yin 2003, p.13). In other words, the study is aimed at investigating the dynamics that manifest in a single research setting, in this case examining actions taken by sales persons in a pharmaceutical company. The author ai ms at tracing operational links and their impacts on sales representatives. In addition, the research establishes ‘how’ the company may use skills of the experienced sales persons in formulating a training program for new personnel in the future. Holts first offers a background on how companies formulate different approaches to structure leadership development programs, and forms a problem statement based on this introduction. The research problem, which forms the basis of the article, is that companies lack enough knowledge on how to formulate effective leadership training programs. Holts justifies this problem by examining the benefits of forming a program based on the data from sales representatives and district managers, as they possess the required skills in marketing the company’s products. However, Holts in the conceptual framewor

Primate distribution in southern India

Primate distribution in southern India Primate distribution in southern India The Western Ghats of India is one of the biological ‘hot spots’ of the world (Myers et al., 2000). The western slopes and the ridges of these hills are covered with evergreen tropical rainforests. The eastern slopes and the adjoining Deccan plateau harbor mainly deciduous forests. The Western Ghats are divided into two regions: the southern and the northern Western Ghats, south and north of the Palghat Gap respectively. The rainforest regions are particularly rich in arboreal mammals and avifauna. Among the mammals, the most obvious species are primates and squirrels. The distribution of nonhuman primates varies in the two regions of the Western Ghats. Lion-tailed macaques occur from the southern tip of the Western Ghats, up to north of Sharavathy River, where the rainforests of the medium altitude end. Bonnet macaques and Hanuman langurs occur throughout the Ghats. The distribution of Nilgiri langur from the southern tip of the Western Ghats ends in the north at Brahmag iri, the region which also marks the end of Cullenia dominated forests (Pascal, 1988). South of Brahmagiri Hills, all four primate species are found in the forests of the Ghats. Primarily, bonnet macaques and Hanuman langurs are found in the dry deciduous forests of the eastern slopes, whereas lion-tailed macaques and Nilgiri langurs are found in the rainforests at the ridge and the western slopes. Each major forest type, therefore, is inhabited by a macaque which is a frugivorous species, and a langur which is a folivorous species. In certain areas of the southern Western Ghats, the bonnet macaques seasonally intrude into the rainforests and become transiently sympatric with lion-tailed macaques and Nilgiri langurs (Sushma, 2004). Habitat specialists and habitat generalists Species that make use of a wide range of resources or habitats are generalists and they tend to be widely distributed, whereas species that make use of a narrow range of resources or habitats are specialists and they often have a limited distribution (Brown, 1984; Hanski, 1982; Hanski and Gyllenberg, 1997). According to Hanski and Gyllenberg (1997), the biogeographic distribution patterns of specialists are the result of their using relatively smaller habitats than those exploited by generalist’s species. Generalists and specialists use different cues to locate their habitat and necessary resources. The ecological niche occupied by a species results from trade-offs in the fitness gained in different habitats or on different resources, and the level of specialization of an organism should reflect these trade-offs (Bonsall et al. 2004). Generalists have an advantage in exploiting a wider range of resources, whereas specialists are assumed to be more efficient at using a particular resource (Strickler 1979). To survive and reproduce organisms must extract energy from substances present in the environment. However, not all organisms extract the same energy from the same sub-stances. Different organisms may specialize in the type of food they eat. The internal food-processing mechanism of an organism (gut, colon, metabolism, etc.) tends to become adapted to the particular diet in such a way that the quantity of energy the organism is able to extract from each food type is determined evolutionarily. Langurs Langurs could be considered a model for the study of social organization since they inhabit variety of ecological conditions (Sterck, 1999; Karanth et al, 2010; Karanth, 2010). They are known to exploit diverse habitats from thick forests to human dominated landscapes (Fooden, 1980; Prater, 1993; Kumara et al, 2009; Sharma et al, 2009). Even though certain traits such as male dispersal (Rajpurohit, 1987; Rajpurohit and Mohnot,1988; Sommer and Rajpurohit, 1989; Rajpurohit and Sommer, 1993; Launhardt et al, 2001; Borries et al, 2004; Sharma et al 2009;), female philopatry (Sterck, 1997; Sterck, 1998; Koenig, 2000; Koenig et al 2004; Sterck, 2005), infant transfer (Poirier, 1968; McKenna, 1979; Scollay, 1980; Stanford, 1992;Kumar, 2005; Brent, 2008) etc. are common to all langur species, striking habitat related differences are observed in their group composition and social organization (Sterck, 1998; Koenig et al, 1998; Sterck,1999; Harris, 2006; Snaith Chapman, 2007; Wich Sterck, 20 07). Hence studies on inter-specific differences in behavioral ecology of langurs can provide insight into some of the crucial questions of social systems and individual behavior patterns of these species. Hanuman langurs / Nilgiri langurs South Asia is home to 15 species of langurs (Walker Molur, 2007). Nilgiri langurs are usually found in tropical evergreen forests of the Western Ghats at an altitude of 500 meter above sea level (Sunderraj, 2001; Sunderraj Johnsingh, 2001) whereas the Hanuman langurs are distributed all over the Indian subcontinent-including several species/subspecies such as S. e. achates, S. e. hypoleucos/S. hypoleucos, S. e. priam/S. priam priam (Kumara et al, 2009; Sharma et al, 2009; Karanth et al, 2010; Karanth, 2010). Nilgiri langurs are known to be largely habitat specialists (Singh et al 1997; Sunderraj, 1998) and Hanuman langurs are habitat generalists (Kumara et al,2009; Sharma et al; 2009). Because of a restricted range of occurrence, it is expected that the Nilgiri langurs show less genetic variability and thus less flexibility than the Hanuman langurs. Nilgiri langurs are mainly arboreal (Poirier, 1968; Sunderraj, 2001) whereas Hanuman langurs tend to be more terrestrial (Roonwal Moh not, 1977). Hanuman langurs are more adaptable influenced by availability and distribution of food (Chhangani Mohnot, 2006). Home ranges of Hanuman langurs are larger and they overlap extensively (Chalise, 1995; Chhangani, 2000; Chhangani Mohnot, 2006). Nilgiri langurs are more territorial and occupy smaller home ranges (Poirier, 1968; Sushma, 2004). In Hanuman langurs, the groups can be one male bisexual, multimale bisexual or all male band groups (Borries, 1997; Koenig et al, 1997; Sharma et al, 2009) and Nilgiri langurs are primarily one male bisexual groups (Poirier, 1968; Sunderraj, 2001). Behavioural studies on Hanuman langurs have been intensively carried out at various locations in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka (Monhot and Srivastava, 1992; Rajpurohit et al. 1994). However, in India, these studies have been conducted mainly in arid environment (Rajpurohit et al. 1994) and in dry/moist deciduous forests (Vasudev, 2006). Hanuman langurs are successful in their ability to adapt to a wide variety of habitats showing high social flexibility making them the ideal species for studies. However, very little has been known about the rainforest Hanuman langurs expect for one study on feeding ecology (Singh et al, 2011; Roy et al. 2012). It will be of interest to explore the social adaptations in the rainforest Hanuman langurs and to see how their behavior have evolved in comparison to arid environment. Studies on Nilgiri langurs suggest that the social structure and relationships and their behavioural patterns resemble that of Hanuman langurs (Poirier, 1968; Tanaka, 1965). Changes in ecological factors like habitat destruction and fragmentation, langur habitats may have been reduced leading to changes in group composition and social system (Sunderraj and Johnshingh, 2001). The present study will be conducted to better understand both langur species’ behavioural patterns and social systems to explore and carry out comparative analysis on differences in their present environmental conditions. The aim of the present study is to employ same methodology to study the behavioral ecology of Nilgiri langurs and Hanuman langurs and attempt a quantitative comparative analysis. Hence, the study has been designed with the following title. Looking for behavioral flexibility TRAITS TO BE STUDIED Life history traits On the base of the above mentioned differences between the two species. The life history of hanuman langur is expected to be more of r-type and Nilgiri langur to be more of K-type. Being primarily the dwellers of rainforests, Nilgiri langurs are expected to be more efficiency oriented whereas Hanuman langurs, being habitat generalists, are expected to be more reproductive efficiency oriented. This may result in differences in birth dynamics such as net reproductive rates, duration of infant dependency on the mother and infant development patterns. It is also suggested that different habitats and group dynamics may have an influence on reproductive (Rajpurohit et al, 1994) or competitive efficiency. Social system Large interspecific variation in group size is seen in Hanuman langurs (Sterck, 1998; Sterck, 1999; Sharma et al, 2009) whereas Nilgiri langurs tend to cluster around the mean (Joseph Ramachandran, 2001; Sunderraj, 2001). Female between group aggressions and infanticide (Rajpurohit et al, 2003; Rajpurohit Chhangani, 2003; Sharma et al, 2009) has been recorded only in Hanuman langur (Sterck, 1998) and not in any other langur species (Van schaik1992). Although the moving range of Nilgiri langur and Hanuman langur are found to be similar (0.1km and 0.15km respectively), Nilgiri langurs are said to travel less due to availability and abundance of food resources in their habitat (Tanaka, 1965). The Nilgiri langur has a unimale social system which is formed when juvenile males in a group mature to adulthood and then the group fissions into smaller unimale groups. In Hanuman langurs, group composition is formed according to the availability and distribution of food and space. There are three types of groups in Hauman Langurs, which are unimale, multimale and all male groups. A linear hierarchy exists amongst the females in Nilgiri langur where as in Hanuman langurs dominance hierarchy among females is less definitive than among males. Dominance hierarchies in Hanuman langurs were found to be significantly linear and relatively stable, but less so with increasing group size (Koenig, 2000). Individual behaviour Compared to Macaca, langurs show less frequent individual behavior differences (Tanaka, 1965). Although Nilgiri langur and Hanuman langur are relatively similar in their group size, composition and organization and also in behavioural patterns, intra- and inter- group activities are seen less in Nilgiri langurs when compared to Hanuman langurs. Behaviors like grooming, mounting and presenting, juvenile plays, etc were observed to be less frequent among Nilgiri langurs. Sugiyama (1965) observed that langurs travel widely when the food availability was sparse. In Nilgiri langurs, the habitat is usually forage abundant and good quality resulting in lesser travel. In Hanuman langurs the range size differs on the availability and quality of food in their distributional habitat/zone. As a result, more varied vocal communication is expected in Hanuman langurs than Nilgiri langurs. STUDY GROUPS One group each of Hanuman Langur and Nilgiri langur has been selected. Hanuman langur – Many intensive studies have been carried out on the populations of Hanuman langurs in arid, deciduous and semi-evergreen habitats. Since there is a lack of systematic and long-term study on rainforest Hanuman langurs, the present study will be carried out in rainforests of the Western Ghats at Gerusoppa, Uttara Kannada district. A unimale group (total 17) with 8 females, 5 juveniles/subadults and 3 infants has been selected. Nilgiri langur- For comparative analysis, a study group in Nelliyampathy, Kerala (Western Ghats) has been selected. A unimale group (total 14) with 8 femals, 3 juveniles and 2 infants has been selected. STUDY AREA The study area is low altitude degraded coastal evergreen rainforest in the Western Ghats of north Karnataka in Uttara Kannada district (Gerusoppa). Forest is mainly Dipterocarpus-Holigarna-Persia species with an average altitude of 650 m with an average annual precipitation of 4200mm with relatively high humidity of 95%. Ecologically this stretch of forest is important because, this is the northern most distribution of lion tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) which is sympatric with bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata) and western hanuman langur (Semnopithecus entellus achates) (Kumara and Singh, 2004). Nelliyampathy is a Hill Station on the Western Ghats mountain ranges in Palakkad, Kerala. The green lush forest covers the whole hill area with coffee, tea, cardamom, vegetable and orange plantations. Nelliyampathy plateau lies at an altitude of 500-1000m. Major vegetation is evergreen, semi evergreen and moist deciduous. The forest mainly comprises of Cullenia, Mesua and Palaquim (Ramachandran and Joseph 2000). Three species of primates namely Bonnet Macaque, Lion tailed Macaque and Nilgiri langur are found in this habitat. Study Parameteres 1. To study the general activity pattern of the study species a. What are the different types of activity they do? b. What is the duration of different observed activities of each species? 2. To study the different social behaviour within a single group of each species a. Which are the socio-positive behaviour (like play, groom, inter- individual distances etc.) within a single group? b. Which are socio-negative behaviour (aggression, fight, bark etc.) within a single group? c. What kind of reproductive behaviour are shown in the adult individuals of a single group? 3. To study the inter-group interaction of each study species a. What is frequency of inter-group interaction with the neighbouring group of each study species? b. What kind of inter-group interaction they show with their neighbouring group? 4. To study the demography and social structures of the study species a. What is the group size of each study species? b. What is the age-sex ratio of the respective groups? OBSERVATIONAL METHODS Three methods have been adopted in this study for data collection they are: Ad libitum sampling The data is in the form of notes for events as and when they occur. We simply note down whatever is visible and seems relevant at that time. The events include identity of the individual and direction of agonistic encounter like threat, attack, dominance mount, subordinate present and displacement among individuals of a group. It is useful during preliminary observation or for recording rare but important facts. Focal animal sampling One individual was the focus of observations during a particular sample period of 5 minutes-Usually for several different categories of behaviour. What is recorded here is the behaviour of those individuals that are most easily observed. The choice of the focal individual is determined prior to the observation. During this period the time spent by the individual on different activities is recorded. It is also important to record certain aspects of other individual’s behaviour such as interaction with others and to whom a behaviour is directed. When the focal individual moves completely out of sight the recording would be stopped until it is visible again. Scan Sampling Instantaneous sampling or scan sampling was used here to study the different activity pattern of the individual animals. The methods involved collecting data on all visible individuals of the group. This was done for a period of 5min in which each individual was observed and data was collected through a pre-formatted data sheet. Data on distance between the individuals (any two particular individuals, one is nearest and other is distant one at an instant of time) was collected through scan sampling. During a scan, the data was gathered on: Date; Time; Individual (with identity); Activity (including Resting, Ranging, Foraging; Feeding on insects, Feeding on plant (specify the plant part being used), Social behavior; Substratum used (while feeding on insects); Place (tree or ground); Height of the tree; Height at individual was seen; Plant species (when the individual fed on plant food). Definition of Activities: Resting – Passivity lasting at least 5 seconds; Ranging – Travel and movement; Feeding – Ingestion of plant or animal food; Foraging – Searching for food; Social behavior – Any interaction between/among conspecific individuals. Study Period The study on Nilgiri langurs was carried out in Nelliyampathy reserve forest, nenmara forest division in Palakkad district of kerala.We observed the group of Nilgiri langurs from December 2010 to April 2011 and from April 2012 to January 2013 as a part of a large study on the behavior of primates in the Western Ghats. The amount of time spent on focal animal sampling was 235 h and 915 scans were collected. The study on S.hypoleucos was carried out in Gerusoppa forest division in the state of Karnataka.We observed the group of S.hypoleucos from January 2011 to April 2012 as part of the same study. The amount of time spent on focal animal sampling was 270 h and 1070 scans.

Shakespeare the Psychologist? :: Biography Biographies Essays

Shakespeare the Psychologist? I have found that most of the characters in William Shakespeare's plays seem to be "mad", or mentally disturbed in some way. Shakespeare's characters display psychological disorders such as schizophrenia, senility, psychosexual disorders, and many more. Was this an early form of psychology or was he just relating to his own personal experiences. In my paper, I will discuss some basic concepts of psychology, and how I believe Shakespeare explored the world of psychology through the individuals in his works. I will also diagnose some of his famous characters from the plays “Hamlet” and “King Lear.” Psychological Concepts have been around since practically the beginning of time. Even Aristotle asked questions that would be classified as psychological in today's era (Wade and Tarvis, pg. 5). So Shakespeare was not the first person to use psychology but he may have been the first person to use a form of it in plays for an audience to see. Psychology is defined as the discipline concerned with behavior and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism's physical state, mental state and external state (Wade and Tarvis, pg. 4). It is evident in the plays that I have read that some of the characters in the plays have psychological disorders such as schizophrenia, split-personality disorder, Oedipus Complex, senility, and delusions. Schizophrenia is defined as a psychotic disorder marked by positive symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and incoherent speech; and negative symptoms such as emotional flatness and loss of motivation (Wade and Tarvis pg. 485). A person suffering from schizophrenia may have imaginary events happen to them or have imaginary people in their lives. For example, a man suffering from schizophrenia may believe he has a best friend named Joseph, when in fact there is no best friend at all. This disorder can be treated with medication but never cured. Another disorder showed in Shakespeare’s works is the split-personality disorder. The Split-personality Disorder is defined as a disorder marked by the appearance within one person of tow or more distinct personalities, each with its own name and traits (Wade and Tarvis pg. 479). The Oedipus Complex is another psychological disorder presented in Shakespeare’s work and is defined as a conflict in which a child desires

Human Resource Management in the Global Environment

Today’s job market is rapidly becoming globalized and more companies are entering into international markets in a variety of ways. Some companies are building plants in other countries, some companies are exporting products overseas, and some are entering into alliances with foreign companies. No matter how the involvements begin, the reality is that in today’s world, managing global human resources is something that is growing.Global competition is driving changes in organizations throughout the world. Companies are attempting to gain a competitive advantage and a way to accomplish this is to expand internationally. When a company decides to enter into a foreign market, whether to develop plants or other facilities in other countries, it is no simple task and many human resource issues surface. (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, and Wright; 534) Doing business globally requires that adaptations be made to reflect cultural and other factors that differ from each country.Human r esource regulations and laws vary among countries in character and detail. Equal employment legislation exists to varying degrees. In some countries, laws address issues such as employment discrimination and sexual harassment. For example, in the United States, Title VII established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to administer and enforce the Civil Rights law at work. The commission consists of five members who have been appointed by the president with the consent and advice of the senate.The main objective of the EEOC is to investigate job discrimination complaints from aggravated individuals. If a complaint is found justified, an agreement is attempted to be made through conciliation. (Dessler, Gary (2011). Equal Employment Opportunity 1964-1991. In Human Resource Management Twelfth Edition (pp. 32). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. ) There are various approaches which can be utilized when recruiting and managing employees from different countries . Three different approaches are (1) Ethnocentric, (2) Polycentric and (3) Geocentric. In the ethnocentric pproach, the staffing and managing approach used is one consistent throughout the world. Companies which use this approach assume their home country approach is the best and that any employee around the world should follow it. The polycentric approach is applied when a company assumes each country is different than each other and employees in each country develop appropriate practices according to their surroundings. The last approach the geocentric approach tries to combine the best from headquarters and the subsidiaries to develop consistent worldwide practices.This practice shifts the power back to headquarters for hiring managers. (http://www. buzzle. com/articles/managing-global-human-resources. html) Some advantages of using local employees, but are not limited to are lower labor costs and familiarity with the political and legal environment and with business practices in the host country. Some disadvantages are aligned with the difficulty in recruiting qualified staff and communication difficulties in dealing with the parent company personnel.There are advantages to using transferred employees, as well. Some of the advantages are that the employee is familiar with the parent company’s policies and procedures and it permits closer control and coordination of international subsidiaries. A few disadvantages would be the difficulty in adjusting to the foreign language and the creation of personal and family problems. ( Treven, Sonja (March 2006). Human Resources Management in the Global Environment. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge. Vol. 8, Num. , 120-121) Five major functions of global human resource management are (1) recruitment and selection, (2) development and training, (3) performance evaluation, (4) remuneration and (5) labor relations. When recruiting new employees, the classification of the employee is very import ant. The company should focus on allowing a balance between the practices of their own country and others to ensure the person they hire fits the personal characteristics fit for the job. It is very important for companies to have managers with a global perspective.Providing various trainings and developmental opportunities is a way to ensure managers are kept familiar with current procedures and current events. The ability to learn what others are doing in another country can be found beneficial to others, as incorporating new techniques can allow for growth and development. Performance evaluation is going to depend on the overall strategy set forth by human resources. Companies must evaluate employees from different countries which can be a very difficult task because consistency for performance comparisons is conflicted with the background of people of different cultures.There are two major concerns when formulating compensation for employees from different countries. The first i s the complexity which arises when trying to give a comparable and competitive package within the marketplace. The second concern is cost because companies strive to reduce their costs and this is challenging when bringing in employees who need to be compensated for their relocation expenses, etc. The last function of global human resource management is the function of labor relations. Many countries allow the government to regulate the labor relations practices. Treven, Sonja (March 2006). Human Resources Management in the Global Environment. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge. Vol. 8, Num. 1, 121-125) Human Resource Management in the Global Environment requires us to understand our employees and their individual personality and abilities. No matter what country the business resides, managers should focus on what is best for the employee. The understanding and acceptance that there will be some level of diversity in an organization should make for a better work environment.REFERENCES: Dessler, Gary (2011). Equal Employment Opportunity 1964-1991. In Human Resource Management Twelfth Edition (pp. 32). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, and Wright; 534. Treven, Sonja (March 2006). Human Resources Management in the Global Environment. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge. Vol. 8, Num. 1, 120-125. http://www. buzzle. com/articles/managing-global-human-resources. htm http://www. orcworldwide. com/readroom/Herod_IHRJ2007. pdf

7 Social Media Checklists to Boost Your Efficiency - CoSchedule

7 Social Media Checklists to Boost Your Efficiency As a marketing manager, you have a ton of work to do. Between projects, reports and more, trying to manage social media (which is a lot of work in and of itself) can put on a lot of stress. You have to check in on your campaigns, approve graphics, pull analytics, and the list goes on. Having a checklist in place can help you ensure that you’re getting all your work done promptly and you’re not missing any critical steps. Since we’re such believers in checklists, we created seven social media checklist templates for you. There are printable and editable versions for each one, too, making it easy to manage everything you need to get done. So what are you waiting for? Start reading and using your free checklists now. 7 Simple Social Media Checklists to Boost Your EfficiencyDownload Your Social Media Checklist Bundle Your Social Media Checklist Bundle includes seven unique checklists: Daily Social Media Checklist General Management Social Media Checklist Social Media Campaign Checklist Social Media Audit Checklist Quarterly Social Media Analysis Checklist Social Media Crisis Communications Checklist Social Media Strategy Checklist Each checklist comes as a PDF and Word Document so you can edit and adjust each one to fit the specific tasks you need to complete.Why Are Checklists Important? Checklists are essential for any manager. Actually, that’s true for almost any position, which is why they are so critical to today’s work environment. In fact, Atul Gawande, author of â€Å"The Checklist Manifesto†Ã‚  talks about how to the world is so busy and complicated that we need a checklist to keep up with everything. He’s literally a surgeon, too. If he needs checklists, marketers probably do as well. Checklists help by: Keeping you on track and organized. Ensuring that you don’t forget something in the process. Help you maintain consistency. Help delegate tasks to the rest of your social media team and ensure that they are also getting their work done. Still don’t believe me? Take a look at a day in the life of social media manager  Mario Moreno (a global social media manager for a massive retailer): And that’s just one day! Not to mention, that’s just social media. You’re probably balancing other things on top of your social media management. In summary, get yourself a checklist, there’s too much going on with your day-to-day work not to. Create Checklists In With Task Templates You can move all of your checklists into one place with Task Templates  from . Getting them set up in your calendar is easy. Select the task template icon: Add in the tasks from your checklist and assign them to a person in your calendar with a due date: Title and save your template once it’s ready: Ready to try managing all your content + social media marketing on one calendar and build your own checklists with Task Templates? Start a free trial or schedule a demo now. 7  Social Media Marketing Checklists For Managers Okay, we’ll stop being a dead horse here. You can see that checklists are essential for social media managers.  So, let’s dive into each one we've included in this post. Table of Contents: Daily Social Media Checklist Social Media Management Checklist Social Media Campaign Checklist Social Media Audit Checklist Social Media Analysis Checklist Social Media Crisis Communication Checklist Social Media Strategy ChecklistA Daily Social Media Checklist First on our list is a daily social media checklist. It looks something like this: Get your free daily social media checklist from @here:Finish Any Outstanding Tasks The first part of any social media marketers day should be to finish any outstanding tasks from the day before. Check That Posts That Are Publishing Today Are Ready To Go This step in your daily checklist involves three parts: Ensure that any accounts tagged in your posts are correct. The last thing you want to do is send out a post that links to the wrong account. Make sure any links in your posts are working. Broken links are no good. Double-check for spelling errors. Simple mistakes can leave a lasting (and unfortunately, negative) impression. Review Any Meetings On Your Agenda For Today Meeting to discuss an upcoming campaign? Do yourself a favor and review your notes and research before you head in. Check The Status Of Upcoming Graphics and Videos If upcoming posts still don’t have the images, graphics, or videos they need, check in with the teams responsible for creating them. This is especially important because if you and need to make edits, you don’t want to be adding visual content at the last minute. Review Any VIsual Media That Needs To Be Approved For Your Social Channels If graphics or videos are waiting for approval, make your edit notes and get them back to their respective teams in a timely manner. Edit Upcoming Content For Each Social Media Channel If you have a writer crafting social copy, review every post before it’s published. Approve Any Content That Is Ready For Publish Once the graphics are uploaded, and the content is edited, you can approve your posts to publish to your channels. Ensure that your social media publishing tool has approval features to make sure everything that publishes is actually ready to go. Engage With Thought Leaders There are thought leaders in every industry. Set aside time each day to engage with them, and find new people to follow. Share advice, tactics, and more to help develop that relationship. You never know when they might call for a favor. Plus, engaging with thought leaders can help keep you on top of the latest trends in your industry and increase your authority. Reshare Content From Partners and Influencers If you are working with a partner or influencer, show their content a little love by sharing it to your channels. This can also help fill gaps in your social media schedule if you’re running out of content ideas. Update Your Social Media Calendar Your social media strategy lives and dies by your calendar. Which means that it should always be up to date. Check in every day to ensure projects, messages, reports, and meetings haven’t moved dates. Did You Know?: is the industry's leading marketing calendar, making it easy to plan and publish all your content and social media posts in one place. Engage With Potential New Customers Social media is all about engagement. With companies all over the social media sphere, it’s easier for customers to have their voice heard by the organizations they love (or hate). This is a task that would be easy to pass down to another team member if you don’t have time to respond to every request. Read Industry News Interacting with thought leaders in your industry is not going to be enough to keep you on top. Reading articles and the latest industry news can help you fill that gap though. Subscribe to blogs and follow social accounts that share relevant news about your industry. Use tools like Feedly  or Flipboard  to help find the latest news. Curate Content For Your Social Media Channels It can be tough to create enough content to keep your social channels full. Fortunately, content curation can help fill those gaps. Look for stories that your customers and fans would enjoy reading and add them to your publishing tool. Did You Know?: 's Chrome extension makes it easy to curate social media content on your marketing calendar. Back to Table of Contents Social Media Management Checklist Another checklist in your bundle is a general management checklist. These tasks are ones that usually fall to management alone and should always be a part of your list. It could look something like this: Get your free social media management checklist from @here:Check The Workload Of Your Team Check in with your co-workers periodically to make sure that they aren’t overwhelmed with their workload. (Or worse they don’t have enough to do). If they are overwhelmed, try shifting tasks so they can regain their balance and get caught up. Do This With : 's Team Performance Reports allow you to measure your team's productivity and adjust workloads accordingly. Monitor Upcoming Campaigns If you’ve got a big campaign on the horizon, you may want to make sure that everything is on track to be completed by the intended launch date. Make it easier on yourself and your co-workers and commit to having all the graphics, content and videos done before launch, so you have time to review and get edits completed before things start to publish. Do This With : You can schedule entire campaigns using Social Campaigns  in . Create posts, schedule posting times, and measure their performance, all in one place. Check Incoming Messages There are three reasons that as a manager you would want to check in on the incoming messages from your social media channels. Checking incoming messages may help you spot a crisis before one starts. If you can step in and help calm down an angry customer before calamity ensues, your whole organization will thank you. You can help manage customer engagement. You might even uncover some positive reviews of your product that you can reshare. Prepare For Upcoming Strategy Meetings As a manager it’s up to you to steer the social media ship, so preparing for those upcoming strategy meetings is going to fall on to your plate. One way to stay on top is continuous research to help you see what’s going on in the social media realm. Prepare Reports For Upper Management Or Clients Your reports are what show the success (or failure) of your work. Your reports should be easy to read by anyone in your company. They should include any metrics that show that you reached or missed your goals and a brief analysis on why something did or didn’t work. Do This With : offers robust social analytics and reporting features to measure every post and campaign. Monitor Competitor Channels The saying keep your friends close, keep your enemies closer comes to mind here, but having your competitors in the back of your mind can give you that extra drive to be better and do more. Back to Table of Contents Social Media Campaign Checklist Campaigns come up frequently in social media, so it’s vital that as a manager you have a process to follow that makes it easier to crank them out and get them published. The following checklist can help you do just that. Get your free social media campaign checklist from @here:Brainstorm A Theme With Your Team You have to create a lot of campaigns in a year, and as they say, two heads are better than one. Round up your social media team to help you brainstorm the theme for your next campaign. Recommended Reading:  This Is The Best 30-Minute Content Marketing Brainstorming Process Outline The Dates For Your Campaign Three major dates need to be outlined for any campaign: When you need to start working on creating content. When your campaign goes live. When your campaign ends. Determine Your Audience Depending on the theme of your campaign and the message you want to send, the audience you are targeting may shift a little bit. You also need to determine what message you need to share with them that would resonate and  grab their attention. Recommended Reading: How To Find Your Target Audience And Create The Best Content That Connects Set An Ad Budget (If Necessary) If you decide that you are going to add any paid ad promotion to your campaign you need to set a budget. Outline how much you are going to spend: In one day. On one post. On the total campaign. Recommended Reading: How To Make The Most of Facebook Advertising To Reach New Audiences With Rachel Wiinanen From [AMP063] Outline Necessary Image And Video Needs The next step is to outline any necessary image or video needs that you might want to add to your campaign. Include things like: Videos for each channel. Infographics. Photos for each channel. Cover photos. Profile photos. Anything else your team might need. Once you have those initial requests, send them to each team to determine how much time they would need to complete them. Recommended Reading: The Best Guide to Social Media Image Sizes Every Marketer Needs Assign Deadlines To Team Members For Projects Each member of your social media team, as well as your graphic designers and video production crew, needs a deadline that they need to have their work done. Set them early, so you have time for edits and changes before your campaign launches. Do This With : Task Templates  make it easy to build reusable checklists right inside your marketing calendar. Choose Your Hashtags Decide as a team if you are going to use any unique hashtags to identify your campaign on channels like Twitter and Instagram. If you decide to add your hashtag decide on spelling and spacing in advance. Write Post Copy Either you or your social media writers now need to write copy for your campaign. Use our Social Message Optimizer  to create the best content for every channel. Recommended Reading: How To Write The Best Social Media Posts [Backed By 6,399,322 Messages + 11 Studies] Shoot/Design Visual Content Once your message copy has been created direct your designers and video producers to create the necessary visual content for your campaign. Edit Content After your writers have created that initial message copy, go through each post and check for: Spelling errors. Grammar errors. Accounts are tagged correctly. Hashtags are spelled correctly and used on the right channels. Approve Graphics/Videos Once your designers and producers are done with any necessary images or videos, review each one to make sure that it is ready for publishing. Check Links Another thing to check off your list is to ensure the links in your posts are leading to the right places. You may need to check that each one of your posts has been run through a link shortener (if you use one). Upload Messages To Your Publishing Tool Once everything is approved, upload your messages into your social media publishing tool. Ensure that each message is paired with its appropriate visual counterpart. Do This With : Use Social Templates  in to easily recreate posting cadences and frequencies. Schedule Your Campaign Your next step is to schedule your campaigns. Once you have your posts uploaded, turn your campaign live. Do This With : You can schedule your social media messages to go out at the best times with our Best Time Scheduling Feature. Measure Your Results The last step in your process is to measure the results of your campaign. Remember, you can make it easy by using ’s Social Campaign Report, where we’ll do all the work for you. Back to Table of Contents Social Media Audit Checklist Once a year you’re going to run a social media audit. It’s tedious but necessary. A checklist will help you ensure that you don’t miss a step in your auditing process. [Tweet "Get your free social media audit checklist from @here:Review And Secure All Your Social Media Profiles Make sure that your profiles are up to date and all of your passwords are stored in a secure location like LastPass  or 1Password. Analyze The Performance Of Each Of Your Social Media Profiles Check your data to see if your social media profiles and their messages are connecting with your audience and producing engagement. If not, it may be time to ax them. Review Your Publishing Schedule Check your schedule and see if the amount of content you posted to each channel was enough to generate engagement. If not, consider adding or back off the number of times you post on a channel. Run An Audience Analysis Using the same resources you did to develop your first audience, review your demographic data to see if you are still attracting the same audience. Complete A Content Analysis Review what content types did and didn’t connect with your audience on each social media channel. Run A SWOT Analysis Determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that your organization currently faces on social media. Review Goals From Previous Year Determine if you and your social media team met the previous year’s goals. Recommended Reading: How To Complete A Social Media Audit In Nine Steps (+ Free Template) Back to Table of Contents Quarterly Social Media Analysis Checklist Each quarter you’re going to need to check in to see if your efforts are producing the results you want. In other words, you’re going to need to run a quarterly social media analysis. Here is the checklist you’ll need to make sure you get everything done. Get your free quarterly social media analysis checklist from @here:Decide Your Time Period For Analysis What dates are you going to gather your data from? If going quarter by quarter, you’d be looking at a three-month period for each one. Create Your Report Template Create a template with sections for every piece of data you need to gather. This can help ensure that you don’t forget to collect data for a specific section from one quarter to another. Recommended Reading: The Best Social Media Report Template to Show Your Results Gather Data Using your reporting tools, gather the data you need. Analyze Your Data Look for trends, patterns and other consistencies that can help you interpret what your audience wants to see from you. You should also be looking for data that shows that your team is (or isn’t) on track to meet their goals. Recommended Reading: How to Drill Into Data To Extract Powerful Social Media Insights Prepare Your Report Place data into your report and provide a summary of overall trends and patterns for upper management or your client. Recommended Reading: The Best Social Media Report Template to Show Your Results Send To Client Or Upper Management Send the report to whoever needs to see it. Prepare and respond to any questions that may come from your client or management based on your report. Decide If Your Strategy Needs Adjustment Based On Analysis Based on your report and the data you gathered, adjust your strategy to ensure your team meets the goals that were set for them. Back to Table of Contents Social Media Crisis Communication Checklist As a   manager, you need to be prepared at all times for a communication crisis. This could stem from your work or something that happens within your organization. Either way, you need to be ready. Here is the checklist you’ll need. Get your free social media crisis communication checklist from @here.Pause All Social Media Campaigns Immediately The minute a crisis happens, pause all of your social media campaigns immediately. No post should go out until you’ve spoken with upper management. Check In With Upper Management To Determine Next Steps Meet with the other managers to decide what steps the company needs to take. Determine What Kind Of Messaging Should Be Used Work with your public relation team to decide what type of language and messaging should be used to respond to the crisis. Respond Individually To People On Social Media If a flood of mentions and comments come in during a crisis, take the time to respond to them individually, but only after messaging and language has been determined by management. Issue An Apology From The Company The first social media message you send after the crisis has occurred should be an apology from the company. Edit Campaigns For Content That May Inflate Crisis Again Edit your campaigns to ensure they have no mention of anything related to the crisis, or why it occurred. Resume Campaigns Once the crisis has passed, resume your campaigns again. Recommended Reading: How To Build a Thorough Social Media Policy to Prevent Emergencies Back to Table of Contents A Social Media Strategy Checklist The last checklist on this massive list of checklists revolves around your social media strategy. Like your audit checklist, this list is used maybe once a year or once per quarter to review how things are going. Here is the list of things you’ll need to do. Get your free social media strategy checklist from @here.Review Last Year’s Strategy Determine what did and didn’t work from your strategy and why. Throw out what didn’t work and revamp or keep what did. Research New Trends And Ideas Keep your strategy fresh by researching the latest emerging trends and ideas that might work for your organization. Review Your Target Audience Decide if this is still the audience you want to be attracting to your organization. If it is, make sure that your audience profile is up to date. If it isn’t, decide who your new audience will be and create a new profile. Review Your Business Objectives Talk with your CMO to determine the new business objectives that have been set, so your team can create goals based on them. Set Goals Set your goals based on your business objectives. Recommended Reading: How To Set SMART Marketing Goals Establish Your Metrics And KPIs Determine the data points you need to track in order to prove that you are meeting your goals. Determine Tactics Decide which tactics your team is going to use on each social media channel to meet your goals. Map Out Seasonal Campaigns On Social Media Calendar Use recurring sales or seasonal campaigns and plan them out in your social media calendar in advance. Establish Your Reporting Schedule Determine how often and when you are going to report on the progress of your social media strategy and goals to upper management or a client. Back to Table of Contents See How Easy Checklists and Can Help Improve Your Efficiency You now have the tools you need to help get your work done even faster than you were before. Each one of these checklists can be edited to fit your schedule. Once you’re ready to increase your efficiency even more, try . Our state of the art marketing calendar will let you control every aspect of your social media all from one place. Plus, don't forget Task Templates make it easy to build reusable checklists for all your social media tasks.  Start a trial  or sign up for a demo  today.

Deal Kennedy Essay Example

Deal Kennedy Essay Example Deal Kennedy Essay Deal Kennedy Essay Deal and Kennedys cultural model Page 1 of 2 Changing Minds. org Search Home Please Vote for our site Now, you can buy the real book! Blog! Executing Your Strategy Strategy2Reality provides strategy execution planning facilitation www. Strategy2reality. com Solve Your People Problem Aliign business, people and process strategies to drive performance www. mindsetgroup. biz Learn To Set Goals How Good Are You In Setting Goals? Take Our Free Quiz Now! singapore. dalecarnegie. com How we change what others think, feel, believe and do Disciplines Techniques Principles Explanations Theories Quotes Guest articles Analysis Books Help us Links Deal and Kennedys cultural model Explanations gt; Culture gt; Deal and Kennedys cultural model Feedback | Risk | The four cultures | So what? Deal and Kennedys model of culture is based on characterizing different four types of organization, based on how quickly they receive feedback and reward after they have done something and the level of risks that they take. Engagement Not Stress Does a better worklife exist? Improve your work environment www. orkengagement. com Feedback and reward A major driver of people in companies and hence their culture is the general feedback and specific rewards that tell them they are doing a good or bad job. If this feedback is immediate or shorter-term, it will quickly correct any ineffective behavior and hence lead to a consistent culture (those who cannot survive will quickly find out and either leave or be sacked). If the feedback takes longer to arrive, then can leave mistakes uncorrected, but it also lets people look further out into the future. Either way, there is likely to be some substitute activity (such as process management) to help keep things on track until actual results are known. Business Productivity Find Out How To Improve Business Productivity. Learn More Now! productivity. enterpriseone. †¦ Look inside Add/share/save this page: Risk Uncertainty and risk are something that some people hate and some people thrive on. In either case, it is another motivating force that leads people to focus on managing it. Change Management: Strategies for Handling Change Management Right the First Time. www. SixSigmaIQ. com Ads by Google School Culture Brazil Culture Asia Culture Love Culture Where the risk is low, people may be willing to take risks up to their acceptable limit. Where they are high, the risks need to be managed or accepted. High risk companies are more likely to include people who enjoy the frisson of taking a gamble. Risk Low Work-hard, play-hard culture High Tough-guy macho culture Young Manager Program For High Potential Managers Taught by World Renowned Faculty www. aventis. edu. sg Save the rain Feedback and reward Rapid SafetybizSAFE Consultant MOM Risk Consultant,bizSAFE,OHS MOM Risk Assessment Management www. aceehss. om/Call_653†¦ Slow Process culture Bet-thecompany culture The four cultures Work-hard, play-hard culture This has rapid feedback/reward and low risk, leading to: Stress coming from quantity of work rather than uncertainty. High-speed action leading to high-speed recreation. Eg. Restaurants, software companies. Tough-guy macho culture This has rapid feedback/ reward and high risk, leading to: Stress coming from high risk and potential loss/gain of reward. Focus on the present rather than the longer-term future. Eg. police, surgeons, sports. Process culture http://changingminds. org/explanations/culture/deal_kennedy_culture. htm /5/2011 Deal and Kennedys cultural model Page 2 of 2 This has slow feedback/reward and low risk, leading to: Low stress, plodding work, comfort and security. Stress may come from internal politics and stupidity of the system. Development of bureaucracies and other ways of maintaining the status quo. Focus on security of the past and of the future. Eg. banks, insurance companies. Bet-the-company culture This has slow feedback/reward and high risk, leading to: Stress coming from high risk and delay before knowing if actions have paid off. The long view is taken, but then much work is put into making sure things happen as planned. Eg. aircraft manufacturers, oil companies. So what? So if you are influencing into an organization, find out what style it has and adjust your approach accordingly. If you are a member of the organization, you may understand why you are either right at home or way out of place. See also Culture Books Buy Me =UK= =USA= =CAN= Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy, Corporate Cultures, Perseus, 2000 A useful book on organizational culture, including Deal and Kennedys famous sociability/solidarity model. Good linkage to general cultural aspects of tribes, heroes and rites and rituals. Originally published in 1982. - Contact - Caveat - About - Students - Webmasters - Awards - Guestbook - Feedback - Sitemap - Changes - Improving Safety Culture Helping you manage your safety culture more effectively. www. safetyperformance. com INSEAD Exec Education Learn How to Successfully Move to General Management. Enroll now ! Executive. education. insead. edu Collateral Management Effectively mitigate risk exposure. Automate your processes. www. omgeo. com  © Syque 2002-2010 Massive Content Maximum Speed TOP Search http://changingminds. org/explanations/culture/deal_kennedy_culture. htm 1/5/2011